Discours, pouvoir et maturité collaborative : une analyse discursive de la maturité collaborative dans deux organisations canadiennes
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.1522/radm.no9.2029Mots-clés :
Modèle de maturité des compétences collaboratives, approche discursive pragmatique, projets d'infrastructure publiqueRésumé
Cette étude analyse la manière dont un processus discursif de co‑construction alimente la normalisation et l’appropriation progressive des compétences collaboratives dans des projets d’infrastructure publique complexes. Deux organisations canadiennes ont servi de terrains comparatifs. Trois cycles de recherche‑action ont été conduits menant aux résultats partagés. Ces processus ont mobilisé des groupes de discussion, des entretiens et la production itérative de deux référentiels de compétences collaboratives adaptés aux organisations. L’approche discursive a permis de suivre la trajectoire des énoncés proposés jusqu’à leur version finale déployée auprès des employés. Les résultats montrent qu’une micro‑ingénierie lexicale convertit les suggestions spontanées en prescriptions normatives et révèle l’emboîtement de trois registres de pouvoir. Le registre hiérarchique encode la reddition de comptes par des verbes impératifs et des indicateurs; le registre professionnel densifie un jargon qui confère un capital symbolique aux experts; le registre culturel diffuse une triade de valeurs (confiance, sans‑blâme, engagement) sert de dispositif de régulation comportementale. La comparaison inter‑organisations met en évidence un gradient de maturité collaborative lisible dans le langage : l’organisation A, plus avancée, emploie un vocabulaire spécialisé pour raffiner les rôles, tandis que l’organisation B, en phase d’adoption, privilégie une narration pédagogique et des indicateurs de type KPI pour légitimer le changement. Ces observations suggèrent que la co‑construction de modèles de maturité n’est pas un simple exercice technique, mais bien une négociation sociale. Ces dynamiques subtiles orientent les initiatives de collaboration et offrent aux organisations des leviers pour dépasser les référentiels prescriptifs au profit de dispositifs plus sensibles au contexte.
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