Soutenir les PME dans leurs enjeux de ressources humaines par le développement de coopératives d’employeurs : tensions et paradoxes durant la phase d’implantation
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1522/revueot.v33n2.1793Keywords:
Cooperative, human resource management, belonging paradox, learning paradoxAbstract
With the growing workforce challenges facing small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), the “Conseil québécois de la coopérative et de la mutualité (CQCM)” led a project aimed at enhancing the support offered for human resources management (HRM). This project was intended to support the creation of employer cooperatives, which would enable SMEs to take charge of their HRM issues in an empowered and sustainable way. Although no cooperative was created after three years of this project, a number of lessons can be learned from this approach. More specifically, there were issues related to: 1) translating the project’s fundamentals to the stakeholders involved, 2) diagnosing the HR needs of each partner organization, 3) pairing up the organizations, and 4) defining the cooperative’s purpose. These challenges reveal the paradoxes underlying the project’s complexity.
References
Alliance Coopérative Internationale (ACI). (2018). Identité coopérative et avantage concurrentiel. https://ica.coop/fr/icett/cooperative-identity-key-competitive-advantage
Audebrand, L. K. (2017). Expanding the scope of paradox scholarship on social enterprise: The case for (re)introducing worker cooperatives. M@n@gement, 20(4), 365-393. https://doi.org/10.3917/mana.204.0368
Audebrand, L. K., Camus, A. et Michaud, V. (2017). A mosquito in the classroom: Using the cooperative business model to foster paradoxical thinking in management education. Journal of Management Education, 41(2), 216-248. https://doi.org/10.1177/1052562916682552
Aust, I., Brandl, J., Keegan A. et Lensges, M. (2017). Tension in managing human resources: Introducing a paradox frame-work and research agenda. Dans W. K. Smith, M. W. Lewis, P. Jarzabkowski et A. Langley (dir.), The Oxford handbook of organizational paradox (p. 413-433). Oxford University Press.
Bryson, A. et White, M. (2019). HRM and small-firm employee motivation: Before and after the Great Recession. ILR Review, 72(3), 749-77. https://doi.org/10.1177/0019793918774524
Carroll, M., Smith, M., Oliver, G. et Siring, S. (2008). Recruitment and retention in front-line services: The case of child-care. Human Resource Management Journal, 19(1), 59-74. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-8583.2008.00076.x
Ghassemieh, G., Thach, E. et Gilinsky, A. (2005). Does my business need a human resources function? A decision-making model for small and medium-sized firms. New England Journal of Entrepreneurship, 8(1), 25-36. https://doi.org/10.1108/NEJE-08-01-2005-B003
Harney, B. et Dundon, T. (2006). Capturing complexity: Developing an integrated approach to analysing HRM in SMEs. Human Resource Management Journal, 16(1), 48-73. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-8583.2006.00004.x
Harney, B., et Alkhalaf, H. (2021). A quarter-century review of hrm in small and medium-sized enterprises: capturing what we know, exploring where we need to go. Human Resource Management, 60(1), 5–29. https://doi.org/10.1002/hrm.22010
Brian H, Gilman M., Mayson S. et Raby S.(2022) Advancing understanding of HRM in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs): critical questions and future prospects, The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 33(16), 3175-3196, https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2022.2109375
Innovation, Sciences et Développement économique Canada. (2022). Principales statistiques relatives aux petites entreprises 2022. Gouvernement du Canada. https://ised-isde.canada.ca/site/recherche-statistique-pme/fr/principales-statistiques-relatives-aux-petites-entreprises/principales-statistiques-relatives-aux-petites-entreprises-2022
Lengnick-Hall, M. L., Beck, T. E. et Lengnick-Hall, C. A. (2011). Developing a capacity for organizational resilience through strategic human resource management. Human Management Review, 21(3), 243-255. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1016/j.hrmr.2010.07.001
Lengnick-Hall, M. L., Lengnick-Hall, C. A., Andrade, L. S. et Drake, B. (2009). Strategic human resource management: The evolution of the field. Human Resource Management Review, 19(2), 64-85. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1016/j.hrmr.2009.01.002
Mahé De Boislandelle, H. (1996, octobre). L’effet de microcosme en PME. Congrès international francophone de la PME, Trois-Rivières (Québec).
Marchesnay, M. (2008). Proximités et singularités des TPE. Dans A. Jaouen et O. Torrès (dir.), Les très petites entreprises : un management de proximité (p. 81-104). Lavoisier.
Marchington, M., Carroll, M. et Boxall, P. (2003). Labour scarcity and the survival of small firms: A resource-based view of the road haulage industry. Human Resource Management Journal, 13(4), 5-22. https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1748-8583.2003.TB00102.X
Robert-Huot, G. (2023). Le changement dans la pratique de la gestion des ressources humaines en situation de proximité : l’étude ethno-graphique d’une PME [Thèse de doctorat, Université du Québec à Montréal]. Archipel. https://archipel.uqam.ca/16946/1/D4386.pdf
Simsek, Z., Heavy, C., Veiga, J. F. et Souder, D. (2009). A typology for aligning organizational ambidexterity’s conceptual-izations, antecedents, and outcomes. Journal of Management Studies, 46(5), 864-894. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6486.2009.00841.x
Smith, W. K. et Lewis, M. W. (2011). Toward a theory of paradox: A dynamic equilibrium model of organizing. Academy of Management Review, 36(2), 281-403. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.5465/AMR.2011.59330958
Statistique Canada. (2022). Situation et attentes des entreprises du Québec, deuxième trimestre de 2022. Gouvernement du Canada. https://statistique.quebec.ca/fr/produit/publication/situation-attentes-entreprises-quebec-deuxieme-trimestre-2022
Torrès, O. (2003). Petitesse des entreprises et grossissement des effets de proximité. Revue française de gestion, 144(3), 119-138. https://doi.org/10.3166/rfg.144.119-138
Torrès, O. (2004). The SME concept of Pierre-André Julien: An analysis in terms of proximity. Piccola Impresa/Small Busi-ness, 2, 1-12. https://www.oliviertorres.net/travaux/pdf/TORRESINGL.pdf
Urbano, D., et Yordanova, D. (2008). Determinants of the adoption of hrm practices in tourism smes in spain: an explora-tory study. Service Business : An International Journal, 2(3), 167-185. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11628-007-0033-z
Wallo, A. et Kock, H. (2018). HR outsourcing in small and medium-sized enterprises: Exploring the role of human re-source intermediaries. Personnel Review, 47(5), 1003-1018. https://doi.org/10.1108/PR-03-2017-0066
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Geneviève Robert-Huot, Marie-Claude Lallier Beaudoin, Luc K. Audebrand
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
